K - BLADDER FUNCTION
Patients should be referred to a urologist when there is persistent and bothersome incontinence, unmitigated urodynamic parameters (such as neurogenic detrusor overactivity or poor compliance), new or worsening hydronephrosis or renal dysfunction that cannot be reversed so that the individual can consider reconstructive surgery options such as bladder augmentation, abdominal continence stoma, or urinary diversion. (CAN-SCIP 2020; Level C)